Wednesday, 26 August 2020

IT and Cyber Law For Degree Level Exam ( Cyber Laws, Cyber Crimes, Important Sections )

Cyber laws comes under Residual powers in Indian constitution



IT Act 2000
• Enacted on - 9 June 2000
• Came into force on - 17 October 2000
• 13 chapters, 94 sections, 4 schedules
• President – KR Narayanan, PM - AB Vajpayee


IT Act 2008 (Amendment)
• Enacted on - 23 December 2008
• Came into force on - 27 October 2009
• 14 chapters, 124 sections (now 119), 2 schedules


IMPORTANT SECTIONS

Section 43 - Virus attacks/cause damage to computer

Section 65 - tampering with computer source documents

Section 66 - Hacking

Section 66A - Sending offensive messages

(Supreme court deleted this section on 24 March 2015 based on the petition filed by Shreya Singha)

Section 66B - Receiving stolen computers/resources

Section 66C - Identity theft

Section 66D - Cheating by personation

Section 66E - violation of privacy (eg:publishing private images)

Section 66F - Cyber terrorism (imprisonment of life)

Section 67 - Publishing/transmitting Obscene material

Section 67A - Cyber pornography

Section 67B - Child pornography


IPC - Indian Penal Code

Section 499 - Sending defamatory messages

Section 503 - Sending threatening messages (cyberstalking)






CYBER CRIMES

1. Hacking - Gaining unauthorized access to computer/network resources.

2. Spamming - Sending unsolicited emails (spam) to many people. (Spam through Instant Messaging is called Spim)

3. Email bombing - Sending many emails to the victim to crash his server

4. Snooping - Collecting other user’s data/files without their knowledge

5. Email spoofing - Sending emails which appear to be originated from one source when it is actually send by another source

6. Cyber stalking - Threatening via internet/email/phone etc

7. Cyber squatting - Registering a company’s address for selling it/making profit from it

8. Phishing - Fraudulent attempt (usually sending emails) to steal personal or financial information of recipients

9. Vishing - Voice + Phishing (via phone calls)

10. Smishing - SMS + Phishing (via mobile SMS)

11. Piracy - illegal copying/distribution of copyrighted software

12. Data diddling - Altering raw data of a person without his knowledge, before computer processes it & changing it back after process is completed

13. Salami attack - Small alterations (change is unnoticeable)

14. Webjacking (Hijacking) - Changing information on hacked computer/website

15. Pornography -Publishing/ transmitting/ producing obscene materials (eg: sexual) using computer/website

16. Password sniffer - Programs which copy our password while logging in

17. Plagiarism - Practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own

18. DoS attack (Denial of Service) - A cyber attack in which a particular service becomes unavailable to someone who is authorized to use it.

19. IPR (Intellectual property Rights) violation - Eg. for IPR: Patent, Copyright, Trademark etc.

• Patent is the protection right granted for an invention (a product or a Technical Process)
• Copyright is the protection right granted for a creator’s ideas



1st CYBER CRIME

World’s first Cyber crime was reported in the name of – Joseph Marie Jacquard (France)

India’s first Cyber crime was reported in the name of – Asif Azim




CERT–IN & CERT-K 

CERT – IN (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team)
✓Agency designated to respond to incidents related to computer security in India as part of the IT Act
✓19 JANUARY 2004
✓Under Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology
✓Headquartes – New Delhi

CERT – K
✓Similar agency in Kerala


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