Cyber laws comes under Residual powers in Indian constitution
• Enacted on - 9 June 2000
• Came into force on - 17 October 2000
• 13 chapters, 94 sections, 4 schedules
• President – KR Narayanan, PM - AB Vajpayee
IT Act 2008 (Amendment)
• Enacted on - 23 December 2008
• Came into force on - 27 October 2009
• 14 chapters, 124 sections (now 119), 2 schedules
IMPORTANT SECTIONS
Section 43 - Virus attacks/cause damage to computer
Section 65 - tampering with computer source documents
Section 66 - Hacking
Section 66A - Sending offensive messages
(Supreme court deleted this section on 24 March 2015 based on the petition filed by Shreya Singha)
Section 66B - Receiving stolen computers/resources
Section 66C - Identity theft
Section 66D - Cheating by personation
Section 66E - violation of privacy (eg:publishing private images)
Section 66F - Cyber terrorism (imprisonment of life)
Section 67 - Publishing/transmitting Obscene material
Section 67A - Cyber pornography
Section 67B - Child pornography
IPC - Indian Penal Code
Section 499 - Sending defamatory messages
Section 503 - Sending threatening messages (cyberstalking)
CYBER CRIMES
1. Hacking - Gaining unauthorized access to computer/network resources.
2. Spamming - Sending unsolicited emails (spam) to many people. (Spam through Instant Messaging is called Spim)
3. Email bombing - Sending many emails to the victim to crash his server
4. Snooping - Collecting other user’s data/files without their knowledge
5. Email spoofing - Sending emails which appear to be originated from one source when it is actually send by another source
6. Cyber stalking - Threatening via internet/email/phone etc
7. Cyber squatting - Registering a company’s address for selling it/making profit from it
8. Phishing - Fraudulent attempt (usually sending emails) to steal personal or financial information of recipients
9. Vishing - Voice + Phishing (via phone calls)
10. Smishing - SMS + Phishing (via mobile SMS)
11. Piracy - illegal copying/distribution of copyrighted software
12. Data diddling - Altering raw data of a person without his knowledge, before computer processes it & changing it back after process is completed
13. Salami attack - Small alterations (change is unnoticeable)
14. Webjacking (Hijacking) - Changing information on hacked computer/website
15. Pornography -Publishing/ transmitting/ producing obscene materials (eg: sexual) using computer/website
16. Password sniffer - Programs which copy our password while logging in
17. Plagiarism - Practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own
18. DoS attack (Denial of Service) - A cyber attack in which a particular service becomes unavailable to someone who is authorized to use it.
19. IPR (Intellectual property Rights) violation - Eg. for IPR: Patent, Copyright, Trademark etc.
• Patent is the protection right granted for an invention (a product or a Technical Process)
• Copyright is the protection right granted for a creator’s ideas
1st CYBER CRIME
World’s first Cyber crime was reported in the name of – Joseph Marie Jacquard (France)
India’s first Cyber crime was reported in the name of – Asif Azim
CERT–IN & CERT-K
CERT – IN (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team)
✓Agency designated to respond to incidents related to computer security in India as part of the IT Act
✓19 JANUARY 2004
✓Under Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology
✓Headquartes – New Delhi
CERT – K
✓Similar agency in Kerala
